Pre-grouting is frequently used to handle water leakage in rock tunnelling. Long holes are drilled ahead of the excavation and filled with grouting paste by pressure. This grout spreads along the joints around the tunnel, which minimizes the inflow of water into the tunnel.
WSP also has extensive experience working with the Water Framework Directive and we are able to undertake detailed appraisal of water resources (hydrology and flood prediction) and groundwater flow (hydrogeology), through detailed computer modelling and advanced risk assessment procedures. Our hydrologists and geochemists work closely with our rock engineers, primarily on cases involving joint water tracking, hydraulic testing, and 3D ground water flow.
Rock Mechanics
Our engineers have a wide range of expertize in the field of rock engineering and tunnel design for rock tunnels. Using numerical analysis and 3D geological modeling, rock mechanical experts provide innovative technical solutions for our clients. We use software like MicroStation, AutoCAD, and Surpac for 3D modelling, as well as Phase 2 and FLAC for numerical analysis. Services we can provide in rock mechanics are divided into surveys, design, technical solutions, tunnel maintenance service, and cavern maintenance service.
Engineering Geology
Our geologists are experienced in all stages of geological surveying, from investigation to construction, as well as beyond to maintenance, across all project types. Software like MicroStation and Surpac are used to analyze structures, rock types, and hydraulic properties. Our expertise includes: geotechnical baseline investigations, geotechnical baseline reports, mining structural geology, industrial minerals, tunnel surveys, and geotechnical mapping.